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Lesson · Grade 11 · Chemistry

Reaction types and predicting their products

  • Grade 11
  • Chemistry
  • 1 min 57 s
  • British Columbia
  • BC11-SC-25

A chart of six cards fills in one at a time: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, neutralization and combustion. Each card shows its letter pattern, such as A + B → AB, above one balanced example coloured to match the letters. The reactants appear first and the products follow on the voice's cue, so viewers see how the pattern predicts the products. The video ends on the recap "Match the pattern, predict the products".

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In one sentence

The question this lesson answers

How can we predict what a reaction will make?

Reactants are what we start with. Products are the new substances made.

Transcript

What the lesson says

How can we predict what a reaction will make?

Reactants are what we start with. Products are the new substances made.

Each letter stands for an element or a group of atoms.

Most reactions fit one of six common patterns.

In synthesis, substances combine into one product: A plus B gives AB.

So hydrogen and oxygen combine to make water.

Decomposition is the reverse: one compound breaks down, so AB gives A plus B.

Electricity splits water back into hydrogen and oxygen.

In single replacement, one element takes another's place: A plus BC gives AC plus B.

Zinc is more reactive than copper, so it replaces copper, making zinc sulfate and copper.

In double replacement, two compounds swap partners: AB plus CD gives AD plus CB.

So silver nitrate and sodium chloride make silver chloride and sodium nitrate.

The s in brackets means solid. A solid that forms when solutions mix is a precipitate.

Neutralization is a special double replacement: an acid plus a base gives a salt plus water.

Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide make sodium chloride and water.

In combustion, a fuel burns in oxygen. A hydrocarbon fuel has only carbon and hydrogen.

When a hydrocarbon burns completely, it makes carbon dioxide and water.

So propane and oxygen make carbon dioxide and water.

Match the reactants to a pattern, and the pattern predicts the products.

Curriculum

Where this fits

British Columbia, Grade 11

Chemistry 11, Reactions: reactionsBC11-SC-25

Previous: Balancing Chemical EquationsNext: Exothermic and endothermic reactions: the sign of ΔH

The outcomes and strands follow the British Columbia curriculum.

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